CABBAGE

Botanical Name: Brassica oleracea Var. capitata
Varieties:

Early varieties :
Golden Acre:Compact and round head.
Pride of India:Small round heads. High yielding.
Pusa Mukta: Bacterial rot resistant. Compact and slightly flat-round head.
Hari Rani:F1 hybrid
Pusa Sambandh: Close planting type
Pusa Synthetic: Short stock. Large flat heads.

Mid season varieties :
Pusa Agethi: First tropical variety suitable for high temperature
Sri Ganesh Gol
Nadhlakshmi 401

Late Varieties:
Pusa Drum head:Field resistance to black leg.

Varieties for Kerala:
Golden Acre, Pride of India, Kaveri, Ganga, Sri Ganesh Gol, Pusa Drum Head
Climate & Soil: Well drained sandy loam to clay soil is suited for this crop. It grows well in high ranges during winter season. Optimum temperature for growth and heading is 15- 20 degree centigrade.
Season: August- November,Mid season varieties - September
Seed rate: 500-750g/ha
Raising Nursery: Seeds are sown in nursery beds and three to five week old seedlings are transplanted.
Spacing: 45x45 cm
Nutrient management : Organic manure 25 T/ha, N:P:K of 150:100: 125 kg/ha . Full dose of N and K2O before transplanting and remaining half dose one month after transplanting is recommended.
Crop Management: Earthing up one month after transplanting is essential.
Pest Management :

• Cabbage butterfly Diamond black moth: Apply 5% neem seed kernel extract on cabbage starting from 15 days, trap crop, release of a parasitoid
• Tobacco caterpillar : Spray malathion 2% at initial stages and 1% pyrithrin during head formation stage.

Disease Management :

• Black rot, Black leg and clubroot of cabbage: Remove the affected seedling and provide proper drainage. Dip the seeds in water at 50 degree Celsius for 25- 30 mts as a prophylatic measure. 2-3 spraying of 50 gm of streptocycline +250 gm Copper oxy chloride in 250 litres of water / ha are suggested as control measure.
• Alternaria blight: : Seed treatment with captan 3 gm/ Kg of seed and spraying mancozeb 0 .25% at 15 days interval soon after the appearance of disease can control the same.

Harvesting: Only one head is produced in a plant and the head is harvested along with some wrapper leaves when it becomes firm but tender.
Yield: 20t/ha
Post Harvesting: Heads along with wrapper leaves are transported to rhe markets in krates, where wrapper leaves are trimmed, heads are graded and packed for sale.